Results: There was significantly more males in the PNS group. The relationships between premorbid adjustment and other variables were examined using independent samples t-tests or chi square for categorical variables. A K-means cluster analysis was conducted to distinguish patterns of premorbid functioning across the different developmental stages. Participants were divided into two groups: those with PNS ( n = 67) versus those without PNS ( n = 673). Method: CHR participants ( N = 709) were recruited from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS 2). The aim of this current study was to: (1) define the relationship between PNS and premorbid functioning, life events, trauma and bullying, previous cannabis use, and resource utilization, and (2) to examine what explanatory variables best predicted PNS. Furthermore, youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for developing psychosis may also present with negative symptoms and poor premorbid functioning. More severe negative symptoms have been associated with poor premorbid functioning in both chronic schizophrenia and first episode psychosis patients. Introduction: Persistent negative symptoms (PNS) are described as continuing moderate negative symptoms. 14Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.13Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.12Psychiatry Service, San Francisco, CA, United States.11Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.10Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.9Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.8Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.7Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.6Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA, United States.5Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Queens, NY, United States.4Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.3Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.2Department of Psychology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada.1Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.Cannon 3, Kristin Suzanne Cadenhead 4, Barbara A.
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